Coking apparatus



July 4, 1933. F; PUENING COKING APPARATUS Filed Oct. 1, 1929 5Sheets-Sheet 1 F. PUENING July 4, 1933.

COKING APPARATUS Filed Oct. 1, 1929 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 l a] INVENTOR.

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July 4, 1933. F. PUENING COKING APPARATUS Filed Oct. 1, 1929 5Sheets-Sheet 3 July 4, 1933. F. PUENING COKING APPARATUS 5 Sheets-Sheet5 Filed.0ct. 1. 1929 INVENTQR. fiv/rz IQ/G/W/y v z AT ORN l atented July4, 1933 wires stares PA NT I OFFECE o'oirins ArrAnA'rns Applicationfiled Getober 1, 1929. Serial No. 398,468.

My invention relates to coking apparatus and particularly to suchapparatus as is adapted to produce low-temperature coke.

'My invention has for one of its objects to provide apparatus forproducing low-temperature coke of relatively highspeciflc gravity andthat is suitable for domestic use.

"A further object of my invention is to provide apparatus for producingcoke'of the character described above that is adapted to maintain thecoal being carbonized under certain pressure and whichis capable ofoperation to freely remove the coke from the carbonizing chambers.

A still further object of my'invention is to provide coking apparatusthat is adapted to produce low-temperature coke that is of relativelylarge size and of high specific gravity and in which the walls areadapted for relative movement wherebythe coke may be easily dischargedfrom the coking spaces therebetween.

Coke of this character can be produced economically only bycontinuousuniform sup ply of heat at low or medium temperatures over aperiod ranging from one to six hours. The process of manufacturingcoke'of this character diflers materially from that in which cokeisrapidly manufactured in a few minutes in thin layers of or inch inthickness and which coke is intended for combustion in power plants. x

' The principal difficulty in the production of hard, denselow-temperature coke'hasbeen in the discharge of the coke from theretort-s in which it hasbeen produced. Inaccordance with approvedpractice, the temperature of the metal retorts for producing suchlowtemperature coke should not exceed approximately 1100 to 1300 F. Atsuch temperatures, coke shrinks very little and when the coke adheres toand interlocks with the irregularities of the surfaces ofthe retorts itwill he readily'understood that it oflers relatively great resistance toits being forced from the retort.

'The walls,which are hollow, are adapted to be supplied continuouslywith a hot fluid h ating medium at proper temperature whereby the cokingoperation proceeds uniformly and at maximum speed. The Walls are soconnected to the source of hot heating fluid that the latteris entirelyseparated from the products of distillation and in such manner, also,that the continuity of flow is not interfered with by the swinging movement of the walls.

The present invention relates to improve ments on the apparatusI claimedand described in my U. S. application Serial No. R 339 52l for patentfiled February 18, 1929, and also relates to alternative structures forembodying the broad features of my invention as claimed in the aboveapplication.

Oneof the improvements is the provision of continuous or uninterruptedflexible conduits capable of withstanding internal pressures forconducting the heating fluid from a stationary source of the heatingfluid to the movable walls and return. 79

Another improvement resides in the combination of a recirculating systemfor supplying heating fluid to the hollow walls with means forreversingthe flow of fluid through the hollow walls every few minutes.'Also, an improved mechanism for moving the Walls toward and away fromeach other that permits the location of substantially all of the linkagemechanism away from the heat of the distillation space and operates alsoto impart less motion to the edges of the walls nearest the points aboutwhich the walls swing than to the edges farthest removed from the pivotpoints.

Another improvement is the provision of small auxiliary spaces orenclosures along the vertical edges of the coking chambers in which acoarse grained material such as pieces of coke can be placed, therebyforming a small vertical column which sealsthe coking chamber andprevents escape of the finely divided and'easily flowing material beingcarbonized.

The invention includes an improved pushing and charging machine forcharging part of the coking spaces at the same time that coke is pushedfrom another part of the coking spaces. Y p

A still further improvement consists in means for circulating the gasesof'combus;

tion through the distillation space for warming up the apparatus toplace it in service.

The improvements include large coal retaining doors, which are common toa plurality of carbonizingchambers and swing inside of the distillationchamber and a horizontally movable cover provided with Water seals thatproject beyond the main walls of the apparatus.

The details of my invention will be described in connection with theaccompanying drawings, in which Figure 1. is a view partially in planand partially in section on line II of Fig. 2 of apparatus constructedin accordance with my invention; a

Fig. 2 is a vertical sectionalview, taken on the line II-II of Fig. 1;

F ig..3 is a vertical sectional view taken on the line III-III of Fig.1;

Fig. 4 is a vertical sectional view taken on line IVIV of Fig. 1;

Fig. *5 is a vertical.cross-section of a modification of the apparatus;and

. Fig. 6 is a horizontal cross-section taken on line VIVI of Fig. 5. 1

. Referring to Figs. 1 to 4.- inclusive of the drawings, cokingapparatus constructed in accordance with my invention comprises ahousing 1 of suitable refractory material that is of substantiallyrectangular shape and within which are supported for swinging horizontalmovement a series of hollow walls 2. As best shown in Figs. 1 and 3,each wall 2 is supported by a horizontal beam 3 that is pivotallyconnected at one end by a pin 1 to a beam 5 extending transversely tothe beam 3 and that is supported by suitable framework of the housing 1.

The other end. of the beam 3 or the lefthand end, as viewed in Fig. 3,is provided with a IQlEttlX'GlY wide wheel 6 thatis adapted to besupported by a rail 7. The rail 7 is supv ported by abeam 8 that isconnected at its ends to the framework of the housing 1. Vhile theweight of each wall. 2 is supported at its top by the beam 3 formovement about the pin 4, the lower part of each wall is anchored bymeans of a bracket 9 that is pivotally connected to the housing 1. Thepiv' otal connection of each end of the several walls insures that theyswing about a vertical axis and that the sides of adjacent "wallsmaintain the same spacing from top to bottom. I

, Eachof the hollow walls 2 is provided at its top with a shield 11 andat one edge with extensions or ducts 12 which are joined to flexiblesheets of metal 13 forming one side of chambcrsl l and .15 that are inturn in communication with I a source of heating gases. The flexibilityof the metal plates 13 permits the swinging of the walls about-pivotpoints which lie approximately in the plane of the metal plates 13. Themetal plates 13 may be provided with corrugations to increase theirflexibility.

The walls are moved by means of arms 16 connected to a source of power(not shown) which rock two vertical shafts 17 on the respective sides ofthe housing 1. Each of the two vertical shafts 17 is provided with threepairs of relatively long arms 18 of unequal length which arerespectively connected to bell cranks 19 by means of appropriate links.The bell cranks 19 are connected to the outer ends of the walls 2 bypairs of rods 20 of unequal lengths.

Each of the two shafts 17 also is provided with three pairs ofrelatively short arms 21 of unequal length that are respectivelyconnected to bell cranks 22, as is shown in Fig. 1. The bell cranks 22are connected to the inner ends of the Walls 2 by means of pairs of rods23 of unequal lengths. The arms 18 and bell cranks 19 actuate the endsof the movable walls that are farthest removed from the flexible plate.13 and therefore are arranged to move-the walls through a longer pathof travel than is effected at the inner ends of the walls by means ofthe arms 21 and bell cranks 22. Therefore, the arms 18 are longer thanthe corresponding arms 21.

It is unnecessary to move the center one of the hollow walls 2 and thehollow walls farthest from the central wall must be moved through agreater distance than those adjacent the central wall; Therefore, thepairs of arms 18 are of unequal lengths, as are the pairs of arms 21 theones for actuating the outermost walls eing longer than those foroperating the walls adjacent the central stationary wall. The rods 20and 23 for con necting the various bell cranks with the hollow walls areprovided with stufiing glands 24 where they pass through the outer casmgl.

The bottoms of the coking chambers formed between the hollow walls areclosed by two large doors 25, each of which serves to close threechambers. They are mounted on shafts 26 and the doors arecounterbalanced by weights 27. The doors are opened andclosed by meansof a sheave or wheel 28 and a hand-operated Windlass 29.

The top of the housing 1 is closed by a roof or platform 31 which isprovided with downwardly extending flanges 32 that project into liquidseals 33 that overhang the housing 1. The platform 31 is supported byflanged wheels 34 that run on rails 35 mounted on I-beams 36.

In the illustrative example shown in Figs. 1 to 4, inclusive, theapparatus comprises seven hollow walls 2 forming six coking chambcrstherebetween. This number is taken by way of example only as anysuitable number may be used.

The movable platform 31 carries a group of three coal hoppers 37 and twogroups of three coke pushers each as will be described below. A As shownin the right-hand half ofFig. 2, three coal hoppers 37 extend throughthe platform 31 and each has a gate 38. All of the gates 38 for theseveral hoppers 37 are controlled by a single lever 39 that is connectedto the gates orbells 38 by means of appropriate linkage. The hoppers 37are each arranged to contain sufficient coal to charge a coking chamber.The tops of the shields 11 i above the walls have inclined edges asshown in Fig. 2, in order to facilitate the flow of coal into the cokingspaces.

At both ends of each of the main coal charging hoppers 37 are locatedsmall auxiliary, bins 40 provided with gates 41. The gates 41 are openedsimultaneously by a hand lever and linkage (not shown) similar to that'used for operating. the gates 38. The auxiliarybins are for the purposeof charging coke breeze at the vertical edges of the. heating walls forsealing purposes as will be explained later. v

One group of coke pushers 42 is shown immediately above the spacesbetween the walls 2 in the left-hand half of Figs. 1 and 2, in

which views the walls of the left half of the apparatus are shown intheir extended posi- 'tions. The coke pushers 42' removethe coke frombetween the walls when the latter have been separated in the mannerpreviouslydescribed. The coke pushers 42 are carried by vertical rods 43which extend through stuffing boxes 44 in the roof 31. The vertical rods43 are secured to a steel frame 45, the vertical position of which iscontrolled by a mechanism comprising an electric motor 46 mountedthereon and having a chain-andsprocket connection to a shaft 47. Thelatter has a bevel gear connection at each end thereof to a transverseshaft 43 having gears 49 that coact with stationary vertical racks 50whereby the frame 45 and the rods 43 with the corresponding pushers mayberaised or lowered, as desired. V

The pushers 42 are shown in elevation in Fig; 2, but if viewed in planwould appear wedge-shaped ortapered to fit the spaces between the hollowwalls when farthest removed from each other, asfshownin the lefthandhalf of Fig. 1. This wedge-shape insures that the pushers 42 willconform to the position of the adjacentwalls so as topass in closestproximity to the walls and remove any coke that might adhere thereto.

On the opposite side of the three coal hoppers 37 is located the secondgroup of three pushers 42, as shown in the right-hand half of Fig. 2.This second group is not in operative position, but upon movement of theplatform 31 to the left they can be brought opposite the three cokingchambers in the righthand half of the apparatus, as viewed in Fig. 2. v

Each of the heating walls 2 shown in Figs.

' able motive device.

1-,2'and 3 comprises two side plates 52having plane surfaces that arespaced apart by flanged baiile members 53 of different lengths,

as best shown in Fig. 3, in order to properly regulate the flow ofheating gases thereducts 12 to follow a tortuous path which traversesthe entire surface of the coking space formed by the side plates 52before the gases can leave by the other duct 12.

Each of the plates 52 terminates below the beam 3 and special shields 11are provided above each wall for enclosing the supporting beam 3uuonwhichthe walls are mounted for swinging movement. The supportingbeams 3 are much cooler than the wall plates 52 and the difference intemperature wculdbuckle or warp the plates 52 if they were notterminated short of the relatively cool beams 3.

As clearly shown in Fig. 1, the vertical edges of the coking spaces areclosed by flanges 56 carried by the adjacent walls .Vhen the walls arein fllOSQClTJOSl't-loll the flanges 56 do not touch each other, and as aresult the walls are free to warp slightly, immediately beyond theflanges 56' are locateda' second set of flanges 57 forming inconjunction with the iirst flanges narrow chambers 58 at the verticaledges of each coking space, whichare acapted toreceive small coke orsmall pieces of material after the walls are swung toward each other totheir closest posiz' ions and before the coal or material to becarbonized, usually infine pulverized conditiornis deposited in thecoking spacesextending from one set of flanges 56 to the other. i Y

The heating gases are supplied to the hollow Walls by means of acirculating fan 60 driven by a steam turbine 61 or o 'her suit- .Thefan, directs the heating gases through a conduit 62 into a verticalchamber 63 shown in Fig. 4. The verticalchamber 63 forms part of areversing valve arrangement which includes an exactly similar chamber 64that is in communication with a stack throug'l-i a duct 65, and which isalso in communication with a duct 66 communicating with the intake ofthe fan 60.

Only asmall portion of the gases from the narrow vertical chamber 64pass out through the duct 65 and most of the gases leaving thechamber 64pass through duct 66to the intake of the fan. Such volume of gases asleaves the closed circuit through duct 65 is replaced by gases ofcombustion through an opening 67- that in turn is supplied by the burner68. Vertical baflies 69 serve to agitate and mix the gases. Athermometer 70 indicates the temperature of the gases as they leave thefan.

The circuit is a closed one as all ofthe gases enter the verticalchamber '63, pass through the valve, and the hollow walls 2 and are thenreturned through the valve to the chamber 64.. Adjacentthe two verticalchambers 63 and 64; are the two horizontal arranged chambers 14- and 15shown in Fig. 3. The two pairs of chambers communicate through fouropenings 71, 72, 73 and 74.

Two diagonally located openings are always open while the other two areclosed by means of reversing valves 75 and 76 shown in Fig. 3, and alsoshown in Fig.1. Valve 75 is mounted on a vertical shaft 77 provided witha spur gear 78 at, its lower end. Valve 76 is mounted on a tube 80 atthe lower end 01" which is a spur gear 81. Gears 78 and 81 aresimultaneously rotated in opposite directions by mechanism (not shown),reversing the valves 75 and 76 to open one pair and to close theopposite pair of the openings 71 to 74 inclusive.

Chambers 14 and 15 are provided with dampers 83 and 84 respectivelywhich are kept closed at all times except when the apparatus is beingplaced in operation from a cold condition. The opening of the dampers 83and 84 permits the gases of combustion to circulate outside of thehollow walls 2 until such time as distillation starts.

After the apparatus is heated up and the distillation commences, dampers83 and 8 1 are closed, and the distillate circulates throughout theentire space within the housing 1, exterior to the hollow walls 2, andpasses out through the pipe 86.

Coke discharged from between the hollow walls drops from the door 25into the hopper 88 that forms the lower part of the housing 1, andpasses into a car 89 through a door 90 that is provided with a liquidseal 91.

The operation of the apparatus of my invention will now be described:

It may be assumed that the walls 2 are in their normal or closedpositions, as shown in the right-hand half of the apparatus as viewed inFigs. 1 and 2, and that hot gases from the fan 60 and recirculationsystem are being supplied through the ducts or extensions 12 forcirculation through the heating walls 2. It may be assumed further thatthe hoppers 37 are filled with finely divided coal and the auxiliaryhoppers 40 with coke breeze.

In order to fill the spaces 58 between the several, heating walls 2, thegates 41 are opened by a lever (not shown) and after the spaces 58 arefilled, gates 4:1 are closed and gates 38 are opened, filling the maincoking spaces bet-ween the heating walls 2 with the finely divided coalthat is to be coked.

The hoppers 37 are refilled from any suitable source-and the platform31'is inoved to the left to register with the other coking spaces andthe latter are filled in a similar manner.

The heating of the walls 2 continues for a period that varies with thethickness of the coke that is being produced, which may, for example,require a period of approximately two hours to produce coke that isabout three inches in thickness. The temperature of the gases employedmay be, for example, about 1250 F. upon entering the heating Walls and.about 1150 F upon leaving the walls. Th comparatively small drop intemperature insures greater uniformity of temperature throughout thecoking mass.

If the circulation of gases continued in the same direction through thehollow walls there would be a variation in temperature from the top tothe responding to the drop in temperature of the gases leaving the wallsas compared with the temperature of the gases entering the walls.

This is overcome by reversing the valves from time to time, which periodis about five minutes for the apparatus illustrated. The reversal isbrought about simply by the re versal oi the position of the valves 75and '76.

My application No. 315,271, filed Oct. 26,

1928, discloses mechanism for reversing similar valves.

Gases of distlllation escape through a pipe 86 in a side wall of thehousing and may be conducted to any suitable byproduct apparatus. Anytar flowing to the bottom of the housing 1, for example, when theoperation of the apparatus is first begun, is caught in the liquid seal91 fromwhich it can be drained.

lVhen the coking is completed, the hollow walls can be spread apart asshown in the left-handside of Figs. 1 and 2, and doors 25 bottom of thewall cordropped and the pushing mechanism located on the lefthand sideof the platform 31 put in operation to remove any adhering pieces ofcoke from the walls 52 by means of the pushers 42.

After this group of pushers 42 are retracted the movable platform 31 canbe moved to its extremeleft-hand position, whereupon the coking chamberson the right-hand side of the apparatus eanbe pushed by the otherpushers 42. The doors 25 are then closed in readiness for the subsequentfillingoperation.

The foregoing sequence may be varied as desired, for example, bycharging and discharging the groups of coking chambers altoraately atdes red intervals. I

The modification shown in Figs. 5 and (3 is provided with a rectangularhousing and hollow movable heating walls 96 suspended from I-beams orsupports 97 and having a conduit 98 in the interior of each wall' forthe conveyanceof heating flu-id.

The conduit'98 is connected'by means of flexible'metallic tubes 99 tothe headers 100 and 101. s The header 101 is connected by a pipe 102 toa coil 103, and header 100 is joined directly to the other end of thecoil 103. Coil 103 is surrounded by a housing 104-and is heated by gasesfrom acombustion space 105 supplied by a burner 106.

A screw propeller type of pump 108 circulates the heating fluid eitherthrough header 100, conduit 98,- header 101 and pipe 102 through thecoil 103,-or uponreversal of the bevel gears 109, can'circulate thefluid in the opposite direction. The gases of combus tion normally passthrough an opening 111 leadin to the coil l03 and out through opening112, damper 113 being open; However,

when the apparatus is to be warmed up from.

ordinary temperatures, dampers 11 1 and 115 are opened and damper 113closed in order to circulate the gasesof combustion throughout theentire housing 95, because the heating fluid used in this modificationis either a inolten metal or a fused salt and such materials,

solid at ordinary temperatures, must'be liq-- uefied previous to theircirculation.

- The top of the housing 95 is provided with a platform 118upon'which asuitable charging and pushing mechanism is mounted. The several heatingwalls ar'e'moved to and fromeach other by linkage connected to the fourlugs 119 of each wall.

The bottom of the coking spaces between the walls 96 are closed by adoor 120. 0 I

The modification shown in Figs. 5 and 6 difiers from the embodiment ofthe invention 'showninFigs. 1 to 4 inclusive, in the substitution of aheating liquid such as a metal having a low melting point or a fusedsaltin place of heating gases. The flexible connections, owing to themore compactnature'of the heating fluid, can be made so much longer thatthe movement of the heating walls is not limited to a swinging motionand they can be moved uniformly to positions that are par'allel to theiroriginal or operating'positions.

The linkage for moving the walls may be arranged to move the bottompairs oflugs 119 through" a greater distance than the'correspendingupper pairs of lugs 119 at the time of discharge ofthe'cokei Thisproducesa progressively increasingspacing apart of the walls in adownward direction and facilitates the downward removal of the coke.

,The heating fluid circulated in the hollo walls circulates infa systementirely separate fromthe circuit of the gases of combustion. Heat istransferred from one to the other by means of a heat exchanger, whichis'the coil 103. There is no discharge of a small part ofthe products ofcombustion whilev the remainder of the products are recirculated. All ofthe products of combustion leave the system after passing in contactwith the coil 103.

The operation of the modification shown in Figs. 5 6 is essentially thesame as the operation'of the one shown in Figs. 1 and 1. The propellerpump 108 is reversed periodi cally just as are the valves in the otherap paratus. 1 T is sametypes of charging, pushing and wall movingmechanisms are used that were described in connection with Figures 1 toi inclusive.

The advantage of the uninterrupted or continuous flexible ducts leadingfrom the stationary part of the apparatus to the movable walls is thatdirect and straight connections of lar e size are possible when gases ofcombustion are used as the heating fluid. The ducts 12, as shown inFigs.1,'2 and3 are at right angles to the axis about which the hollowwalls pivot.

ible connections are capable of withstanding internal pressure it'ispossible to use a more powerful pumpiorthe'circulation of the heatingfluid and to reduce the sizeof the connections, which in'turnresults ingreater freedom ofmovement of the walls.

Thecirculation of'the heating gases as controlled by the reversingvalves results in uniformity oflieating-otthe hollow "walls, a

great advantage as there is small latitude between a temperature highenough to carbonize the coal and one low enough to avoid oXidation ofthe metal.

The provision ofthe coke seals is advantageous since such large walls,kept at such a high temperature cannot have a close fit and e thematerial to be coked is pulverized before being deposited between thewallsand would escape without the seals;

l/Vhile I have show and described preferred embodiments of my invention,it is understood that it is not to be limited thereto eX- cept asexpressed in the cla'ims.

I claim as my invention: Y 1. Tn carbonizing'apparatus, a housing forconfining distillate, relatively movable hollow walls having verticalpivotal supports within the housing and hav'ing-carbonizing spacestliercbetween, means for separating said walls forthe removal ofcarbonized'ma terial from said spaces, said walls serving as conduitsfor heating fluid, a combustion bonizingchambers therebetween, means forOwing to the fact that the continuousffiexseparating saidwalls for theremoval of carbonized material, flexible plates mounted in the sides ofthe stationary housing and conduits extending through said plates tosaid,

passageways within the walls, and said can bonizing chambers being incommunication with said housing.

3. Carbonizing apparatus comprising a stationary housing, movable wallswithin the housing, said walls forming carbonizing spaces therebetween,means for separating said walls for the removal of carbonized materialfrom said spaces, and said walls being hollow to permit the circulationof a heating fluid therethrough, flexible connections in the sides ofthe housing and conduits extending therethrough for conveying theheating fluid to and from said connections to the heating walls wherebydist-illates can pass from the edges of the carbonizing spaces into saidhousing. 7 Y

4. Carbonizing apparatus 1 comprising a stationary source of heatingfluid, movable heating walls, said walls being horizontally movableabout vertical pivotal supports being hollow to permit circulation ofthe heating fluid therethrough, eachadjacent pair of said walls beingadapted to form a carbonizing chamber therebetween, means for separatingsaid walls for the removal of carbonized material from said chambers,conduits for conveyingthe heating fluid from the stationary source ofheating fluid to said heating walls and means for flexibly connectingtheconduits to the stationary source.

' the conduits and said source and said exit.

6. Carbonizing apparatus comprising a stationary housing, movable wallsinside the housing having passageways therein for a heating fluid,devices for moving the walls adjacent to each other to form carbonizingchambers therebetween and for separating them for the removal ofcarbonized material, ducts for conveying the heating fluid through thesides of the housing into the passageways within said movable walls, andmeans for establishing communication between said ducts and the interiorof the housing before distillation temperature is attained.

7 Carbonizing apparatus comprising hollow walls arranged for relativehorizontal.

movement about vertical axes and spaced'to provide achambertherebetween, means for separately supplying said hollow walls withheating gases, and a plurality of ribs located along the vertical edgesof thevwalls adapted vertical axis at the outer ends of the extensions,a furnace, and a flexible plate having openings therethrough forconnecting the furnace'and the outer ends of said extensions.

9. A cokin chamber having a row of relatively mova le vertical sidewalls pivoted for horizontal novement and having adjacent ribs'at thevertical edges of saidwalls to provide a space that is adapted to befilled with coarse material for sealing the material to be carbonizedinthecoking chamber.

10. Carbonization apparatus comprising a plurality of relatively movablewalls arranged for the circulation of heating fluid therein and spacedto form carbonizing chambers therebetween, a stationary furnace forsupplying the heating fluid and having a structure comprising a flexibleplate, conduits extending through said plate and connected to theinteriors of the movable walls, said flexible plate being spaced fromthe coking chambers and said walls pivoting about points adjacent theplane of the plate.

11. Distillation apparatus comprising a group of relatively movablewalls arranged in a row side-by-side, said walls being arrangedforcirculation of heating fluid therein and, forming coking chamberstherebe tween, a housing for the walls, rods movable through the sidesof the housing and connected to the walls, respectively, for moving themsidewise and a rotatable shaft having arms connected to saidrods, thearms that actuate the walls being of progressively greater length,proceeding outwardly from the center of the group. v

12. Distillation apparatus comprising. a group of relatively movablewalls arranged side-by-side in a row, said wallsbeing arranged for thecirculation of heating fluid therein and forming coking chamberstherebetween, a housing for'the walls, rods connected to the'walls,respectively, and extend ing to the exteriorof the housing and meansexterior of thehousing for actuating the. rods through progressivelygreater distances.

according as they are connected to walls in order proceeding outwardlyfrom the center of thegroup to move said walls laterally with respect toeach other.

13. Carbonization apparatus comprising a stationaryheating wall arrangedfor the cir-,

, nected to the wall walls, the hot gas culation of heating fluidtherein, a plurality of similar movable walls located at one side of thestationary wall and arranged side-byside in a row therewith, allarranged to form coking chambers therebetween, a housing for the wallsfor receivingthe distillate, rods projecting through the sides of thehousing for actuating the movable walls respectively, sidewise alongsaid row, and mechanism'located exterior of the housing and 'rranged togive greater movement to the rods confarthest removed from thestationary wall than to the rods connected to the walls nearest thestationary 5 wall.

14. A coking chamber and heating wallenclosing chamber, a series ofalternate substantially vertical coking chambers and pend-- ant fluedstatic heating wa ls therefor, ar-

" ranged laterally of each other in a row said enclosing chamber, eachsaidheating walls being adapted for being maintained stationary relativeto each other and the coking chambers when the latter are filled withcoal for coking and being mounted for movement to increase the cokingchamber space between the heating walls relative to each other in saidchamber for discharge of finished coke from said coking chambers, hotgas fines for circulating hot gaseous combustion products through thefines of said heating walls, inlet and outlet conduits communicablyconnecting the fines of said heating walls with said hot gas flues, andmeans for moving the heating walls relative to each other for dischargeof finished coke from the coking chambers, each of said coking chamberscommunicating with said enclosing chamber, and the fines of each of saidheating flues and the inlet and outlet conduits therefor being closed tosaid enclosing chamber, and a distillate gas olftake conduitcommunicating with said enclosing chamber for ofi-fiow of distillatetherefrom separately from the hot combustion gas, each of said inlet andoutlet conduits comprising a flexible gas-tight connection between thehot gas fines and the flued heating walls.

15. A coking chamber and heating wallenclosing chamber, a series ofalternate substantially vertical coking chambers and pendant fiuedstatic heating walls therefor, arranged laterally of each other in a rowin said enclosing chamber, each of said heating walls being adapted forbeing n1aintained stationary relative to each other and the cokingchambers when the latter are filled with coal for coking and beingmounted for movement to increase the coking chamber space between theheating walls relative to each other in said chamber for discharge offinished coke from said coking chambers, a fuel combustion chamberexterior to said enclosing chamber, hot gas fines for circulating hotgaseous combustion products in cycle through the flues of said heatingwalls and the combustion chamber, inlet and outlet conduits communicablyconnecting the fines of said heating walls with said hot gas flues, andmeans for moving the heating walls relative to each other 1 i'Oldischarge of finished coke from the coking chambers, each of said cokingchambers communicating with said enclosing chamber, and the flues ofeach of said heating walls, the hot gas flues and the inlet and outletconduits therefor being closed to said enclosing chamber, and adistillate gas oiftake conduit communicating with said enclosing chamberfor olf-fiowof distillate therefrom separately from the hot combustiongas, each of said inlet and outlet conduits comprising a flexiblegas-tight connection between the hot gas fines and the fiued heat-ingwalls.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name this 26th dayof Sept-ember FRANZ PUENING.

